Startup Stock Options Explained - Startups 101

Intro (00:00:00)

• Startups in the US often compensate employees with both a salary and stock options, aiming to provide them with a stake in potentially increased company valuation.
• This video focuses on stock options specific to private companies, where stock is owned by founders and investors.

Stock option pool and Example (00:00:42) (00:01:11)

• A stock option pool consists of a legally documented reserve of company shares designated for employees.
• Using Slidebean as an example, a 5% stock option pool was created alongside an investor round, adding 530,000 new shares to the original 10,000,000, totaling 10,530,000.

Stock options explained and How stock options work (00:01:40) (00:03:19)

• Stock options allow employees to buy shares at a predetermined price (strike price), established based on the company's valuation at the time.
• For example, Dwight is granted the option to buy 100,000 shares at $0.2374 each, which totals $23,740.
• If the company's value rises (e.g., from $2.5 million to $25 million), Dwight can exercise his option at the strike price, profiting from the difference without initially paying out of his pocket.
• The pool is represented in shares, not percentage, which may dilute over time due to new share issuance.
• Stock options are subject to vesting conditions, typically a 12-month cliff and a four-year vesting period, to encourage long-term employment.
• Options usually expire after 10 years, or shortly after the employee leaves the company, at which point they can be exercised if the company's value has increased.